Electric arc furnace is a key equipment for smelting high-quality steel. It mainly uses electricity to generate high-temperature arc to melt metal scrap.
1.The core working principle of electric arc furnace
The core of the working principle of electric arc furnace lies in the efficient conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy.
First, three graphite electrodes are lowered from the furnace roof and come into contact with the scrap metal inside. A powerful electric current then forms an arc between the electrode and the scrap, instantly generating heat of up to thousands of degrees Celsius.
This type of arc not only has high temperature but also concentrated energy. As a result, it is able to quickly penetrate and melt various types of scrap metal into liquid steel.
2.The key role of refractory materials
The working conditions inside the electric arc furnace are very harsh.
During the smelting process, the alkaline oxides in the slag will chemically react with the refractory bricks, resulting in loss of the furnace lining.
To meet this challenge, magnesia carbon bricks are typically used for the furnace walls. Magnesia carbon bricks have excellent slag resistance and good high temperature strength.
In addition, the furnace bottom and furnace top are also made of refractory castables or high-alumina bricks of different materials according to their specific working conditions.
3.Steelmaking process
A complete electric arc furnace steelmaking cycle is continuous and efficient.
First, the furnace roof is unscrewed and the scrap steel is loaded into the furnace. Then, the electrode is lowered and electric melting begins. This process usually lasts about an hour.
After melting is complete, the refining stage begins. By adding limestone, alloy and other auxiliary materials, the chemical composition and temperature of the molten steel are adjusted and harmful impurities are removed.
Finally, the furnace body tilts backward and pours qualified molten steel into the ladle, ready to enter the next process.
This repetitive process is also a continuous test of the durability of the furnace lining refractory materials.
Therefore, it is also crucial to choose a supplier who can provide high-quality refractory materials.
With 20 years of experience in refractory materials, Ruitai Lianxin has established itself as the best choice for customers, with its authoritative qualifications, professional team, and strict standards to ensure the satisfaction of customers. Choosing Ruitai Lianxin means choosing strength.